Cable means the cable company has huge dishes, where they pay for and catch the signals and then pipe them to your home via cable (wires) and charge you for the service. Satellite service means you, the user put up a sifnal catching dish and pay for whatever channels you want to view. FTA means you install a larger dish and get signals that are Free To Air and view free TV. You can also get free TV using and Arial and catching the channels that are avaialble locally - that is local TV. All this applies mostly to North America. Out in the east there are giants such as Sony entertainment and Zee Network and you get TV broadcasts in competitition with your own governement free TV broadcasts.
Hey Chase To make a long story short. All around you best bet is to go with Dish Network Satellite Service. In the future you can do alot with satellite, but not with cable.
BTW if you go with satellite you will have a reason to return.
Local programming is the local stations available in your community. It is the ones you could pick up if put an antenna on your roof or had rabbit ears.